Resistance of maize hybrids of different FAO groups to phytophages and phytopathogens under continuous crops with irrigation
Abstract
Aim. To establish the genotypic resistance of maize hybrids of different genetic origin under continuous crops (continuous growing) to damage by phytophages and phytopathogens, to establish the level of grain yield without the use of plant protection products under drip surface irrigation in the Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, phytopathological, breeding and genetic, statistical.Field studies were conducted at the Institute of Climate-Oriented Agriculture of the NAAS (Kherson, 2021–2025, 46°38′24″ N 32°36′52″ E). The object of research was innovative maize hybrids of domestic selection. Results. Under continuous crops of maize hybrids of different FAO groups, a rapid decrease in grain yield was recorded already in the second year. The level of realization of the potential yield of hybrids with FAO 320–430 under continuous crops, starting from the third year, decreased by 40–50%, which indicates insufficient genotypic resistance to harmful organisms under long continuous crops. The most vulnerable were hybrids with a longer vegetation period, which have the greatest potential for grain yield (14–15 t/ha). Conclusions. It is possible to reduce the damage of genotypes with FAO 190–290 under long continuous crops by means of selection achievements, however, it is difficult to fully ensure full resistance (immunity) at this stage of research.
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