Problems and prospects for creating genetic collections of grain legumes
Abstract
Aim. To determine the state of genetic collections of legumes at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine and discuss promising approaches for forming new genetic collections for promising areas of legume breeding. Methods. The analysis of the state of genetic collections was carried out using visual analysis and analysis of literary sources. Results. The collections of garden peas (Pisum sativum L.), common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), common chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.), cultivated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and edible lentils (Lens culinaris Medik) were analyzed. The proportion of genetic collections and their composition were determined.Modern genetic collections of leguminous crops registered in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine are formed mainly on the basis of genes encoding morphological traits. The prospects for molecular research methods, including the identification of individual genes and QTL mapping, have been determined. Conclusions. In the future, based on achievements at the molecular level, it is necessary to create genetic collections of legumes that control the biochemical composition of seeds and resistance to major diseases. In the current scientific space, it is promising to identify polygenes that control disease resistance, protein and oil content, and their expression levels under climate change conditions.
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