Assessment of the level of drought tolerance of transgenic winter wheat plants with partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene
Abstract
Aim. To investigate the level of tolerance of biotechnological plants of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of seed generations T2 and T4 to soil drought based on a comparative analysis of the content of total chlorophyll and productivity elements of genetically modified and non-transgenic forms. Methods. Determination of chlorophyll content and structural analysis of the yield. Results. Grain productivity indicators and the content of the photosynthetic pigment - chlorophyll in biotechnological wheat plants T2 and T4 and their original genotypes under different cultivation conditions were studied. Conclusions. Under normal irrigation conditions, some differences were found between transgenic and non-transgenic plant forms in chlorophyll content, but they were not observed in productivity elements. The genotypic difference was monitored, in which the advantage belonged to plants of the UK 106/19 genotype. Drought led to a decrease in the content of photosynthetic pigments and yield indicators in all analyzed plant variants. The best tolerance to the stress factor was demonstrated by the descendants of transgenic plants, which were characterized by higher grain productivity.
References
Bapela T., Shimelis H., Tsilo T. J., Mathew I. Genetic Improvement of Wheat for Drought Tolerance: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities. Plants. 2022. Vol. 11. Р. 1331. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101331.
Demydov O., Blyzniuk R., Pirych A. Yurchenko T., Kovalyshyna H. Drought resistance of soft spring wheat varieties of different ecological and geographical origins in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Plant and Soil Science. 2023. Vol. 14. (3). Р. 84–96. https://doi.org/10.31548/plant3.2023.84.
Dubrovna O. V., Mykhalska S. I., Komisarenko A. H. Improvement of economic and useful characters of wheat using RNA interference technology. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems. 2024. Vol. 15. (1). Р. 10–23. https://doi.org/10.15421/022402.
Dubrovna O. V., Mуkhalska S. I., Komisarenko A. G. Using of proline metabolism genes in plant genetic engineering. Cytology and genetics. 2022. Vol. 56 (4). Р. 361–378. https://doi.org/10.3103/S009545272204003X.
Dubrovna O. V., Priadkina G. O., Mykhalska S. I., Komisarenko A. G. Drought-tolerance of transgenic winter wheat with partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems. 2022. Vol. 13 (4). Р. 385–392. https://doi.org/10.15421/022251.
El Sabagh A., Hossain A., Barutcular C., Gormus O., Ahmad Z., Hussain S., Islam M., Alharby H., Bamagoos A., Kumar N. Effects of drought stress on the quality of major oilseed crops: Implications and possible mitigation strategies. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 2019. Vol. 17 (2). P. 4019–4043. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_40194043.
Ghosh U. K., Islam M. N., Siddiqui M. N., Cao X., Khan M. A. R. Proline, a multifaceted signalling molecule in plant responses to abiotic stress: understanding the physiological mechanisms. Plant Biology. 2022. Vol. 24. (2). Р. 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.13363.
Hossain A., Skalicky M., Brestic M., Maitra S., Ashraful Alam M., Syed M. A., Hossain J., Sarkar S., Saha S., Bhadra P., Shankar T., Bhatt R., Kumar C. A., EL Sabagh A., Islam T. Consequences and mitigation strategies of abiotic stresses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the changing climate. Agronomy. 2021. Vol. 11 (2). Р. 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020241.
Kіriziy D. A., Stasyk O. O. Effects of drought and high temperature on physiological and biochemical processes, and productivity of plants. Plant Physiology and Genetics. 2022. Vol. 5 (2). Р. 95–122. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2022.02.095. [in Ukrainian]
Morales F., Ancin M., Fakhet D., González-Torralba J., Gámez A. L., Seminario A., Soba D., Mariem S. B., Garriga M., Aranjuelo I. Photosynthetic metabolism under stressful growth conditions as a bases for crop breeding and yield improvement. Plants. 2020. Vol. 9 (1). Р. 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9010088.
Nyaupane S., Poudel M. R., Panthi B., Dhakal A., Paudel H., Bhandari R. Drought stress effect, tolerance, and management in wheat – a review. Cogent Food & Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 10 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2296094.
Rehman S. U., Bilal M., Rana R. M., Tahir M. N., Shan M. K. N., Ayalew H., Yan G. Cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content variation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes under conditions of heat and drought. Crop and Pasture Science. 2016. Vol. 67 (7). Р. 712–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CP15385.
Sato H., Mizoi J., Shinozaki K., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Complex plant responses to drought and heat stress under climate change. Plant Journal. 2024. Vol. 117. Р. 1873–1892. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16612.
Seleiman M. F., Al-Suhaibani N., Ali N., Akma M., Alotaibi M., Refa Y., Dindaroglu T., Abdul-Wajid H. H., Battaglia M. L. Drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects. Plants. 2021. Vol. 10. Р. 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020259.
Singh C., Yadav S., Khare V., GuptaV., Patial M., Kumar S., Mishra C. N., Tyagi B. S., Gupta A., Tiwari R. Wheat Drought Tolerance: Unveiling a Synergistic Future with Conventional and Molecular Breeding Strategies. Plants. 2025. Vol. 14 (7). Р. 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants1407105310.
