Formation and productivity of wheat shoots (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v38.1808
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., shoot, grain, drought, productivity

Abstract

Aim. The aim of the work was to study the formation and productivity of shoots and plants of bread winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought. Methods. Wheat plants cultivars Synthetic 240 and Kyivska 19 were grown in pots with optimal soil moisture until the earing-flowering phase, at the beginning of which some of the plants were transferred to a drought regime for 8 days, then optimal water supply was maintained until the plants matured. Shoot growth and the leaf area of the plants were measured during the experiment. Yield structure were analyzed in the ripened plants. Results. It was established that the drought during the phase of earing-flowering stopped plant growth in cultivar Kyivska 19 and delayed it in cultivar Synthetic 240. From the earing-flowering phase plants leaf area decreased in both wheat cultivars. The effect of drought accelerated leaf area decrease, reduced shoots length and decreased the number and weight of grains per plant more significantly in the Kyivska 19 wheat cultivar than in the Synthetic 240 cultivars, but did not reduce the weight of 1,000 grains. Conclusions. Drought conditions during the earing-flowering phase of winter wheat delayed shoot growth in cultivar Synthetic 240 and stopped it in cultivars Kyivska 19, accelerated leaf death in both cultivars, reduced grain productivity of plants.

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