Inheritance of the vernalization requirement duration in wheat hybrids of the Istra 1 variety carriers of different Vrd genes

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7124/FEEO.v38.1816
Keywords: bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Eps and Vrd genes, duration of vernalization, heading

Abstract

Aim. To establish genetic control of the vernalization requirement duration of the atypical wheat variety Istra 1 in terms of development rates. Methods. Phenological observations, artificial vernalization at +2 °C, cultivation under natural day conditions, one-factor analysis of variance and the χ2 method. Results. The duration of the need for vernalization of the varieties Istra 1 and Mironivska 808 and monogenically dominant Vrd1 (808-Vrd1), Vrd2 (Mironivska 808-Vrd2) and Vrd3 (Albidum 114 KPY-Vrd3) lines was estimated and options for preliminary artificial vernalization were determined for the division of F2 and BC1 populations into phenotypic classes of carriers of dominant (plants that eared) and recessive (plants that did not eared) alleles of the Vrd gene. Conclusions. In F1 hybrids, the dominance of a shorter duration of vernalization requirement, which was determined by the duration of the period before earing, was proven. The results of the analysis of F2 and BC1 populations indicated the identity of the genetic control of the duration of the vernalization requirement of the varieties Istra 1 and Mironivska 808 and the presence of monogenic differences in the duration of the period before earing of the two varieties according to the earliness gene per se.

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